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22 de noviembre de 2024
bien ahí, Bo'
Uruguayos rechazan en plebiscito la intervención militar en seguridad pública lunes 28 de octubre de 2019 18:51
La reforma constitucional propuesta en Uruguay para que al menos 2.000 miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas actúen en la seguridad pública quedó descartada un plebiscito realizado en paralelo a las elecciones presidenciales del domingo. La iniciativa, que precisaba que más del 50 % de los votantes colocaran la papeleta del "SÍ" en el plebiscito, alcanzó un respaldo del 46 % de los votos, por lo que terminó siendo rechazada. Se habían pronunciado en contra de esta reforma los movimientos sociales, todos los candidatos a la presidencia, incluido el del Partido Nacional (PN, centroderecha), Luis Lacalle Pou, pese a que la iniciativa fue impulsada por un compañero suyo. La actuación de los militares en Chile aparece como otra de las razones que llevaron a que la reforma fuera rechazada por un 56 % de los uruguayos, según analistas locales. La propuesta surgió a principios de 2018 por parte del senador del opositor PN Jorge Larrañaga ante el incremento de los delitos en Uruguay, donde hubo 15.819 robos y 171 homicidios durante el primer semestre de este año, según cifras del Ministerio del Interior. Entre los cuatro puntos de la iniciativa "Vivir Sin Miedo", los dos primeros eran habilitar los allanamientos nocturnos -algo que se prohíbe desde la Constitución de 1830, la primera de Uruguay- y el cumplimiento total de las penas para delitos graves. Además, impulsaba la cadena perpetua revisable a los 30 años de reclusión y la creación de una Guardia Nacional, cuerpo de seguridad formado por militares para ayudar a la Policía Nacional, refirieron medios de la prensa uruguaya y la agencia de noticias EFE. "Este modelo de fuerzas de seguridad con organización militar ya existe con notable eficacia en países de Europa y Chile", sostuvo Larrañaga meses atrás en una cadena nacional en la que defendió su proyecto. Esta no es la primera vez que la Constitución uruguaya pasa por este tipo de procesos con vistas a combatir la delincuencia, ya que en las elecciones generales de 2014 se buscó sin éxito una reforma para bajar la edad de imputabilidad penal de 18 a 16 años. Cuando la Corte Electoral aprobó la celebración del plebiscito, todo parecía indicar que la reforma saldría con altos porcentajes de aprobación, pero con los meses cambió el panorama. Uno de los factores claves fue el colectivo "Articulación Nacional No a la Reforma" que se abanderó con la idea de que éste no era el camino para bajar el delito. Vídeos, fotos, afiches, conciertos gratuitos y pegatinas fueron algunas de las iniciativas llevadas adelante para convencer a la población de rechazar el proyecto. Artistas locales e internacionales posaron con el pañuelo del movimiento y también las aficiones de fútbol colocaron en sus tribunas banderas alusivas al tema. La fuerza de estos colectivos quedó demostrada el 22 de octubre, cuando miles de personas colmaron la céntrica avenida 18 de julio de Montevideo en contra de la reforma.