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25 de noviembre de 2024
ojo al piojo
Amnistía Internacional centró su preocupación en el poder de Google y Facebook martes 26 de noviembre de 2019 10:28
El poder de Google y Facebook es "incomparable" al de otras gigantes tecnológicas -como Amazon, Apple y Microsoft- en lo que respecta a la vida digital de las personas, dado que controlan los canales principales de los que depende la mayoría del mundo para interactuar con Internet, describió Amnistía Internacional (AI). En su informe "Gigantes de la vigilancia", en el que cuestiona que el modelo de negocios de Google y Facebook basado en la "vigilancia omnipresente" representa un "peligro sistémico para los derechos humanos", AI distingue a estas dos empresas del resto de las llamadas "Cinco Grandes" en cuanto al uso de tecnologías de publicidad dirigida. Si bien las otras compañías dominan sus segmentos de mercado a nivel mundial, AI reconoce que las plataformas de Google y Facebook "median las formas en que las personas buscan y comparten información, participan en debates y en la sociedad", al punto de que se han convertido en "fundamentales para el mundo moderno y la forma en que las personas interactúan entre sí". Según la ONG, el dominio mundial -excepto en China- de estas dos multinacionales se ve en varias áreas. En redes sociales Facebook domina el sector, con 2.450 millones de usuarios activos en su plataforma principal cada mes, lo que representa alrededor del 70% de los usuarios de las redes sociales y "eclipsa" a sus rivales más cercanos, de acuerdo al informe de AI. En mensajería móvil, WhatsApp (propiedad de Facebook), junto con Facebook Messenger, representa el 75% del mercado fuera de China. En el terreno de las búsquedas Google es "de lejos" el actor dominante, dado que concentra más del 90% de las búsquedas que se hacen en toda la Internet. También domina ampliamente el campo del video online a través de YouTube (propiedad de Google), que además de ser la principal plataforma del segmento es el segundo motor de búsqueda más grande del mundo. En cuanto a la navegación online, Google Chrome es el navegador dominante del mundo, "lo que convierte a Google en la puerta de entrada a toda la web". El dominio de Google se observa también en el área de las plataformas móviles de la mano de Android, el sistema operativo móvil más usado del planeta, instalado en "más de 2.500 millones de dispositivos". Finalmente, el poderío de estas dos gigantes es notorio en la publicidad, ya que juntas "representan más del 60% de los ingresos publicitarios online" a nivel global, así como "el 90% del crecimiento en el mercado de publicidad digital". Por eso, cuestiona el informe, "el poder de Google y Facebook sobre las plataformas centrales de Internet plantea riesgos únicos para los derechos humanos".