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22 de noviembre de 2024
tenían poco que hacer
Científicos estudian la Mona Lisa y concluyen que su sonrisa es falsa viernes 7 de junio de 2019 11:12 En el barrio también cualquiera diría que sonreír así no es auténtico.
La sonrisa de la mujer del cuadro de la Mona Lisa, realizado en el siglo XVI por Leonardo da Vinci, podría no ser genuina debido a su asimetría, según investigadores de Estados Unidos, Italia y Reino Unido. En un estudio liderado por Luca Marsili, de la Universidad de Cincinnati (Estados Unidos) y publicado en la revista 'Cortex', los investigadores pidieron a 42 personas que evaluaran cuáles de las seis emociones básicas se expresaban en dos imágenes del lado inferior izquierdo y derecho del rostro de la Gioconda. El 92,8 por ciento de las personas señaló que la mitad izquierda de la sonrisa mostraba felicidad, mientras que ninguno dijo lo mismo sobre el lado derecho, y en este sentido un total de 35 evaluadores comentaron que la expresión derecha era neutral, cinco que mostraba disgusto y dos que expresaba tristeza. "De acuerdo con algunas teorías influyentes de la neuropsicología emocional, aquí interpretamos la sonrisa asimétrica de Mona Lisa como una sonrisa no genuina, lo que se piensa que ocurre cuando el sujeto miente", apuntaron. Los autores también señalaron que tampoco hay una activación muscular de la cara superior en la pintura de Mona Lisa, ya que una sonrisa genuina hace que los músculos alrededor de los ojos se contraigan, lo cual se denomina 'sonrisa de Duchenne', en alusión al neurólogo francés del siglo XIX Guillaume Duchenne. La sonrisa asimétrica "refleja una emoción no genuina y se cree que ocurre cuando el sujeto miente", señalaron los autores, según una información publicada en el diario ABC de España.. "La explicación más sencilla es que la sonrisa asimétrica de Mona Lisa es la manifestación de un 'goce no verdadero' a pesar de todos los esfuerzos que los bufones de Leonardo solían hacer para mantener a sus modelos felices", según los investigadores. "Sin embargo, una posibilidad intrigante alternativa es que Leonardo ya conocía el verdadero significado de sonrisa asimétrica más de tres siglos antes de los informes de Duchenne e ilustró deliberadamente una sonrisa que expresaba una emoción 'no sentida'", agregaron. Dado que Leonardo fue un gran observador de la fisonomía humana, los autores especulan con la posiblidad de que Leonardo da Vinci conocía el verdadero significado de la sonrisa asimétrica, la cual podría representar una estratagema que el artista florentino usó deliberadamente para ocultar mensajes crípticos y enigmáticos. Por ejemplo, que en realidad se trata de un autorretrato o que la imagen se refiere a un hombre o una mujer muerta.