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22 de noviembre de 2024
no es humo
Descubren una nueva grave enfermedad pulmonar vinculada al vapeo diario martes 26 de noviembre de 2019 17:15 La lesión pulmonar comprobada es similar a una bronquiolitis.
Toronto . Un grupo de investigadores canadienses anunció el descubrimiento de lo que consideran es un nuevo tipo de lesión a los pulmones vinculada al vapeo de cigarrillos eléctrónicos y que es similar a la bronquiolitis obliterante. La enfermedad es diferente a las lesiones por el uso de productos de vapeo, conocidas como EVALI, recientemente detectadas en Estados Unidos, dijeron los investigadores canadienses. La investigación, que fue publicada en la Revista de la Asociación Médica Canadiense (CMAJ), está basada en un adolescente de 17 años usuario diario de cigarrillos electrónicos y THC (el principal psicoactivo del cannabis), que desarrolló una tos persistente, lo que obligó a su hospitalización. La condición del paciente empeoró en el hospital y tuvo que ser colocado en soporte vital con unas lesiones pulmonares similares a una enfermedad llamada bronquiolitis obliterante, popularmente conocida como "pulmones de palomita" porque se ha observado en trabajadores expuestos a diacetilo, un producto químico empleado como saborizante en las fábricas de palomitas de maíz. La situación del joven se agravó de tal manera que los médicos le refirieron a un centro de transplantes ante la posibilidad de que necesitase un doble transplante de pulmón. Tras descartar otras causas, los investigadores canadienses identificaron como el más probable causante de las lesiones del joven los líquidos utilizados para proporcionar sabor a los cartuchos de los cigarrillos electrónicos consumidos por el adolescente. "Este nuevo modelo de enfermedad de lesión de las vías respiratorias asociado con el vapeo que provoca una obstrucción crónica parece ser distinta de la lesión alveolar que caracteriza a los recientes casos de EVALI en Estados Unidos y siete casos confirmados o probables en Canadá", afirmó la doctora Karen Bosma, una de las investigadoras. Los autores de la investigación añadieron que "este caso de bronquiolitis aguda mortal supuso un desafío de diagnóstico y terapéutico". "Dada la extensa exposición del paciente a líquidos con sabor para cigarrillos electrónicos y el diagnóstico negativo para otras causas de la bronquiolitis sospechamos que la bronquiolitis obliterante puede haber sido desarrollada de la misma forma que la de los trabajadores de fábricas de palomitas expuestos a la inhalación de diactelino", añadieron. El joven logró evitar la necesidad de someterse a un doble transplante de pulmón pero los investigadores señalaron que padece daños pulmonares crónicos y que todavía sigue recuperándose de su larga permanencia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Los autores del estudio señalaron que las estadísticas indican que unos 272.000 canadienses de entre 15 y 24 años de edad han utilizado cigarrillos electrónicos en los pasado 30 días.
EFE